I study about hexavalent chromium and its source in portland cement production. Before I have studied about this and measured total chromium by ICP analysis method. Now I want to study portland cement samples for determination and quantification of soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium and find the main source of this pollutant and if possible to control such effects.

The main source of hexavalent chromium in Portland cement and the dust associated with its manufacture are magnesite chrome refractories used to line the burning zone of cement rotary kilns. For this reason the use of these refractories has been discontinued in many parts of the world, but they are still used in some regions.

We have a 1000tpd FLS kiln with a five-stage preheater. We are having a lot of clinker dust formation which is causing great wear at the kiln hood. What would you recommend to get rid of the clinker dust.

It is difficult to diagnose the problem over the internet, however these problems are often caused by inefficient combustion of the fuel in the main burner, long flames and poor heat flux in the kiln. I suggest you increase the axial primary to the maximum and see if that helps.