Excellent mr. cantfort:)

I have too much to learn in that field :) Let me ask one last question about this topic and may be we can open the topic in more detail later on. Is there any limitation for that secondary air temperature? as the plates that keep the refractories can burn out with very high temperatures..

After temperature I am gonna ask you some questions about the working principles of cooler. If it is ok for you?

 Best regards,

F. Aslan

In principle, there are solutions for these refractories problem (radiation from the flame will subject the refractories to even higher temperatures anyway)

Practically, the average secondary air temperature in stable conditions will be limited by clinker cooler and kiln technology.

Modern clinker cooler have better recuperation efficiency, that means higher air temperature.

Precalciner kiln will have different secondary air temperature depending where the tertiary air for the calciner is taken from:

- if taken from the hood, secondary air temperature will generally be in the range 800-950°C (same applies to preheater kilns without calciner: all the air needed for the kiln goes through the hood)

-if taken after the hood from cooler roof, secondary air temperature will generally be in the range 1000-1150°C and tertiary air temperature will be lower.

Of course, if a kiln flush occurs, higher temperature may temporarily happen.

 Best regards