Kenya is stuck in a spiral decline of cement demand with sales continuing to plumit in the first 9M18. According to official data the country's cement consumption fell by 113,096t to 4.13Mt in the first 9M18, compared to 4.24Mt in the first 9M17.

Narendra Raval, chairman of Devki Cement group, said: "Cement sales are down 15 per cent." There are various reasons for the decline including a wave of countrywide demolitions that have discouraged new investment.

"The main reason is people are scared of continuing with development due to the demotions of buildings. Structures that were approved by other governments 20 years ago have been demolished," added Mr Ravi.

Despite these developments, Devki Group which operates National Cement Co Ltd Kenya, promoter of the Simba brand of cement, signed a contract with Sinoma Energy Conservation Ltd this week for US$25.13m.